/* RESET */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
}

:root {
    --primary-color: #ffd502;
    --primary-bgcolor: #222;
}

html {
    font-size: 62.5%;
}

body {
    display: grid;
    /*
     *  `minmax()` here makes the grid columns not grow even though the
     *  contents are already wider then the column's available space.
     */
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 3fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
    grid-template-rows: 18.4rem auto 28rem;
    min-height: 100vh;

    font-family: "SF Compact Display", sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: var(--primary-bgcolor);
    background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(
        to left,
        transparent,
        transparent calc(20% - 1px),
        #393939 calc(20% - 1px),
        #393939 20%
    );
}

a,
button {
    font: inherit;
    color: inherit;
}



/* REUSABLE COMPONENTS */

.Category {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.Date {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}



/* SITE LOGO */

.SiteLogo {
    justify-self: center;
    margin: 6.8rem 0;
}

.SiteLogo img {
    display: block;
    height: 4.8rem;
}



/* NAVIGATION MENU */

.Navigation {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    align-items: center;
    /*
     *  Padding needs to visually look the same as the padding between the edge
     *  of ActionMenu and the first icon/last icon image.
     *
     *  This calculates the left/right padding of the ActionMenu element:
     *
     *  - The ActionMenu column is `20vw` wide.
     *  - It contains `3` icons, each is `4.8rem` wide, and each has left and
     *      right margins of `1rem`. This results to a total width of
     *      `4.8rem * 3 + 4rem` occupied by the ActionMenu icons and the spaces
     *      between them (we ignore the left margin of the first icon and right
     *      margin of the last icon).
     *  - We divide subtract this occupied with from the column's total width
     *      to get the available unoccupied space, then divide it by `2` to get
     *      the value for either side.
     *  - Each icon has a padding of 1.2rem. We need to include the left
     *      padding of the first icon and the right padding of the last icon,
     *      so we add `2.4rem` to the total padding.
     *  - `2.2rem` stands for the right padding of the last navigation item.
     */
    padding: 0 calc(
        (20vw - (4.8rem * 3 + 4rem)) / 2
        + 2.4rem
        - 2.2rem
    );
}

.Navigation__Item {
    padding: 0 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    line-height: 4.8rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.Navigation__Item:hover,
.Navigation__Item:focus {
    color: var(--primary-bgcolor);
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
}



/* ACTION MENU */

.ActionMenu {
    grid-row-end: span 2;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 6.8rem 0;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.ActionMenu__Item {
    width: 4.8rem;
    height: 4.8rem;
    border: 0;
    margin: 0 1rem;
    font-size: 0;
    background: transparent 0 center no-repeat;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.ActionMenu__Item:hover,
.ActionMenu__Item:focus {
    background-color: var(--primary-bgcolor);
    background-position-x: -4.8rem;
}

.ActionMenu__Item--search {
    background-image: url("images/search.svg");
}

.ActionMenu__Item--email {
    background-image: url("images/email.svg");
}

.ActionMenu__Item--misc {
    background-image: url("images/menu.svg");
}



/* ARTICLE INFO */

.Article {
    align-self: center;
    width: 50vw;
    /*
     *  Padding needs to align with the site logo.
     *
     *  - The site logo is `16.4rem` wide.
     *  - The grid column containing the logo is `20vw` wide.
     *  - `20vw - 16.4rem` gives us the total available space that's not
     *      occupied by the site logo.
     *  - We divide this value by 2 to get the width of the space in
     *      either side.
     */
    padding: 0 calc((20vw - 16.4rem) / 2);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.Article__Title {
    margin-top: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 8rem;
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/*
 *  Using the CSS Locks technique to scale the article title's font size
 *  linearly based on the viewport width.
 *  >> https://fvsch.com/css-locks/
 *
 *  y = mx + b
 *  m = (6.8rem - 3rem) / (1920px - 1200px)
 *  b = y - mx
 *    = 3rem - m * 1200px
 *  y -> corresponds to the font size
 *  x -> corresponds to the viewport width
 */

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
    .Article__Title {
        --m: calc(38 / 720);
        --b: calc(30 - var(--m) * 1200);
        font-size: calc(var(--m) * 100vw + var(--b) * 1px);
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1920px) {
    .Article__Title {
        font-size: 6.8rem;
    }
}

.Article__Author {
    float: left;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.Article__Author__Image {
    display: block;
    width: 5.4rem;
    height: 5.4rem;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center center;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin-right: 3.6rem;
}

.Article__Author__Name {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.Article__Date {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
}

.Article__Link {
    float: right;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0 3.6rem;
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    margin-left: 1.6rem;
    /*
     *  The triangle in the "See Article" link needs to align with the edge of
     *  the article image's border.
     *
     *  - `10vw - (20vw - 16.4rem) / 2` properly aligns the right edge of the
     *      link to the end of the second grid column.
     *      - `(20vw - 16.4rem) / 2` is the Article element's right padding,
     *          see computation in the .Article rule above.
     *      - `10vw` is the the difference between the Article's width (50vw)
     *          and the second column's right offset (40vw).
     *  - `(20vw - (4.8rem * 3 + 4rem)) / 2 + 2.4rem` is the space between the
     *      right edge of the image to the right edge of the screen.
     *  - `1rem` is the thickness of the image's border.
     *  - `2.6rem` aligns the triangle with the image's border. This is derived
     *      from the link's right padding (3.6rem) and its border (2px/0.2rem), 
     *      and the image container's border thickness (1rem).
     */
    margin-right: calc(
        10vw - (20vw - 16.4rem) / 2
        + (20vw - (4.8rem * 3 + 4rem)) / 2 + 2.4rem
        - 1rem
        - 2.8rem
    );
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 6rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.Article__Link:hover,
.Article__Link:focus {
    color: var(--primary-bgcolor);
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.Article__Link::after {
    content: "";
    border-left: 8px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-top: 5px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;
    margin-left: 3rem;
    transform: translateX(0);
    transition: transform 200ms ease;
}

.Article__Link:hover::after,
.Article__Link:focus::after {
    border-left-color: var(--primary-bgcolor);
    transform: translateX(1rem);
}

.Article__Image {
    padding: 1rem;
    padding-top: 0;
    background-image: linear-gradient(
        to top,
        var(--primary-color),
        var(--primary-color) 11rem,
        transparent 11rem,
        transparent 100%
    );
    /*
     *  The right edge of the article image needs to align with the last icon
     *  image in ActionMenu.
     *
     *  - The total width of the 3 icons and the spaces between them is
     *      `4.8rem * 3 + 4rem`.
     *  - The ActionMenu grid column is `20vw` wide, minus the total icons
     *      width results to the width of unoccupied space. Divide by `2` to
     *      get only the unoccupied width on the left side.
     *  - Each icon has a padding of 1.2rem. We subtract the first icon's left
     *      padding and the last icon's right padding, a total of `2.4rem`,
     *      from the results.
     */
    --total-icons-width: calc(4.8rem * 3 + 4rem);
    --image-translate: calc(
        var(--total-icons-width)
        + (20vw - var(--total-icons-width)) / 2
        - 2.4rem
    );
    transform: translateX(var(--image-translate));
}

.Article__Image img {
    display: block;
    width: calc(100% + 2rem);
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center center;
}



/* SCROLL DOWN TEXT */

.ScrollDown {
    align-self: center;
    display: flex;
    /*
     *  Padding needs to align with the site logo.
     *
     *  - The site logo is `16.4rem` wide.
     *  - The grid column containing the logo is `20vw` wide.
     *  - `20vw - 16.4rem` gives us the total available space that's not
     *      occupied by the site logo.
     *  - We divide this value by 2 to get the width of the space in
     *      either side.
     */
    padding: 0 calc((20vw - 16.4rem) / 2);
}

.ScrollDown__Text {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    transform: rotate(-90deg) translate(-50%, 50%);
    transform-origin: left center;
}

.ScrollDown__Text::before {
    content: "";
    display: inline-block;
    border-right: 8px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-top: 5px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;
    margin-right: 3rem;
}



/* OTHER ARTICLES */

.OtherArticles {
    grid-column-end: span 2;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 4fr));
}

.OtherArticle {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding: 4.6rem 6rem;
    padding-top: 14rem;
    position: relative;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.OtherArticle__Image {
    position: absolute;
    top:0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    z-index: -1;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.OtherArticle__Image::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
}

.OtherArticle__Image img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center center;
    transition: transform 250ms ease-out;
}

.OtherArticle:hover .OtherArticle__Image img,
.OtherArticle:focus .OtherArticle__Image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.OtherArticle__Meta {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: 2.8rem;
}

.OtherArticle__Category {
    margin-right: 2.8rem;
}

.OtherArticle__Title {
    width: 100%;
    font-size: 2.2rem;

    /*
     *  Add ellipsis to the text if it goes beyond two lines. Currently Webkit-only.
     *  >> https://css-tricks.com/almanac/properties/l/line-clamp/
     */
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    overflow: hidden;
}



/* OTHER ARTICLES NUMBERS */

.ArticleNumbers {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: #000;
}

.ArticleNumber--current {
    margin-right: 3.2rem;
    font-size: 5.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.ArticleNumber--next {
    padding-bottom: 0.3em;
    margin-bottom: 0.2em;
    font-size: 2.6rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 3px solid #666;
}

.ArticleNumber--next:hover,
.ArticleNumber--next:focus {
    border-bottom-color: var(--primary-color);
}